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Sheikh Muhammad Rashid Bilal
Sheikh Muhammad Rashid Sheikh Bilal (1907?- October 31, 1988) was one of the famous Islamic Scholars of the Chercher Highlands of Harerghe province whom many people of Harerghe recall as the most authorized source of his time for the ancient history of Islam in Ethiopia.〔Ulrich Braukämper: ''Islamic History and Culture in Southern Ethiopia. Collected Essays'', Göttinger Studien zur Ethnologie 9, 2003, ISBN 978-3-8258-5671-7, pp. 119. In the summer months of 1972, Professor Ulrich Braukämper personally met Sheikh Muhammad Rashid in order to collect some of the data that enabled him write his most famous Essay titled ''Notes on the Islamization and Muslim Shrines of the Harar Plateau''〕 He is also remembered as a saver of indigenous knowledge, a teacher of many Ulama, a poet and author of many books. While his real name had been Sheikh Muhammed Rashid Sheikh Bilal, he appears on his written documents as ''Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad'' (shortening his own and his father's name who had been ''Mohammed Bilal'', and adding then his grandfather’s name) and ''Muhammad ibn Muhammad Al-Bakri Al-siddiqi''.〔Interviews with Muttaqii Sheikh Muhammed Rashid, 2010, Gelemso. By the latter, he was denoting he had descents from caliph Abubakr Al-Siddiq. But this is not the sheikhs own belief only. The Oromos of Harar usually believe that their own clan called Qallu was descended from Caliph Abubakr Siddiq through Sheikh Abadir Umar ar-Rida of Harar. It is said that the three chilredn of Abadir were adopted by Oromos and became forebearers of the Qallu. This Qallu, who are widely spread also among the Oromo of Wello, are seen with a high honor and respect.〕
==Early life==
Sheikh Muhammad Rashid was a son of Sheikh Bilal Kabir Muhammad, a prominent Sheikh from the Qallu clan of the Ittu Oromo. He was born in 1906 at a rural village called ''Belbeleti-Chirratti'', 15 km south of Gelemso town. His mother, known as Fatima Abdullahi Hammado, had died immediately after she gave birth to Sheikh Muhammad Rashid so that his father married another wife and had a daughter called ''Khalisa Sheikh Bilal'' who would become the Sheikh's only sister.
After the birth of Khalisa, Sheikh Bilal had changed his seat to a distant village called ''Chorre'' in today’s Guba Qoricha district of West Harerghe Zone where he became one of the early Muslim scholars who campaigned to Islamize the Ittu Oromo in Guba Qoricha.〔Aladdin Alevi’s personal interviews with Muttaqqi, Hanifa and Sadiq, all of whom are Sheikh Muhammed Rashid’s children, Amina Ibrahim, Sheikh Muhammad Rashid’s wife, Sheikh Abdinur Kabir Khalid, a cousin of Sheikh Muhammad Rashid, Sheikh Abduljawad Umare, Sheikh Muhammed Hussein Tirmo, and Muhammad Sani Abdullahi Kelilo, nephews of Sheikh Muhammad Rashid. The interviews were done at Gelemso and Balbaletti Chirratti on different occasions from 1989-2006, and two of these informants, namely Sheikh Abdinur and Muhammad Sani are diseased by now〕 He then settled at that very place and took his assignments as a chief Islamic scholar with many disciples and a Qadi of the area. It was there that the infant Muhammad Rashid had started learning the Qur’an and other Islamic educations. But his father couldn’t live many years, and died and buried at that village of Chorre. So the duty of fostering the two orphans of Sheikh Bilal (Muhammad Rashid and Khalisa) lied on their uncles who brought them to their birthplace (Belbeleti).〔Aladdin Alevi’s personal interviews with Muttaqqi and Hanifa Sheikh Muhammed Rashid, and Sheikh Abdinur Kabir Khalid, 1989-1996〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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